Ronald F. Billings, Texas Forest Service, www.ipmimages.org

Ladd Livingston, Idaho Department of Lands, www.ipmimages.org

HOSTS: Pine and sometimes spruce.

DESCRIPTION: Adults are 1/6 to 1/4 inch long, dark brown to black with reddish wing covers. Larvae are found within galleries under the bark. They are long, gray, legless grubs with dark heads.

LIFE CYCLE: Completion of the life cycle take 2-3 years.

CONTROLS: Avoid injury to trees. Prune in late winter and remove slash as soon as possible. Mulch conifers with 1 - 3" of composted bark mulch. Keep well watered during July and August, and thin out overcrowded stands of conifers.
         
Trapping- Anti-aggregation pheromone see:  Bark Beetle Pheromone Use table.