| AFFECTING BUDS: |
|
CONDITION |
CAUSE |
 |
Buds
tunneled |
Western spruce
budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis)
|
|
| AFFECTING NEEDLES: |
|
CONDITION |
CAUSE |
|
Newer
needles being chewed |
Douglas-fir tussock moth
(Orgyia pseudotsugata) or Western spruce budworm (Choristoneura
occidentalis)
|
|
Needles
with discolored spotting, various color spots |
Needle casts (various
fungi)
|
|
Needles
with discolored spotting, rust or orange color spots |
Conifer aspen rust (Melampsora
spp.)
|
|
Needles
to exterior of tree bleached or brown, developing late winter |
Winter dessication
|
|
Brown
felt-like materials on needles or branches (high elevations) |
Brown felt blight (Herpotricha
juniperi)
|
|
Needles
bent, twisted |
Cooley spruce
gall adelgid (Adelges cooleyi) or Frost injury
|
|
Woolly
aphids on needles |
Cooley spruce
gall adelgid (Adelges cooleyi)
|
|
Whole
tree fades, reddens |
Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus
pseudotsugae)
|
|
| AFFECTING CONES: |
|
CONDITION |
CAUSE |
|
Flowers
tunneled |
Western spruce
budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis)
|
|
Woolly
aphids on cones |
Cooley spruce
gall adelgid (Adelges cooleyi)
|
|
Sucking
on developing cones |
Conifer seed bugs (Leptoglossus
occidentalis)
|
|
| AFFECTING SMALLER BRANCHES: |
|
CONDITION |
CAUSE |
|
| AFFECTING TRUNK OR LARGER BRANCHES: |
|
CONDITION |
CAUSE |
|
Witches’
brooms on branches, small shoots emerging from branch |
Dwarf mistletoe
|
|
Large
galls |
Bacteria-like gall or
Burl
|
|
Aphids |
Giant conifer aphids (Cinara
spp.)
|
|
Tunneling
in trunk, branches |
Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus
pseudotsugae)
|
|
Open
wounds, internal decay, swollen areas in stem |
Stem decay fungi (Fomitopsis
pincola, Cryptoporus volvatus and various fungal genera)
|
|
| AFFECTING ROOTS: |
|
CONDITION |
CAUSE |
|
White
root decay with white mycelial fans between bark and wood |
Armillaria root
disease (Armillaria mellea)
|
